Alphavirus-based DNA vaccine breaks immunological acceptance by triggering innate antiviral pathways

2^nd international conference virology and infectious disease

Date: September 3-4, 2019

Venue: London, UK

URL: http://virology.alliedacademies.com/

Alphavirus-based DNA vaccine breaks immunological acceptance by triggering innate antiviral pathways

Cancer vaccines targeting 'self' antigens that are uttered at consistently high levels by tumour cells are possibly valuable in immunotherapy, but immunological tolerance may block their function. Here, we define a novel, naked DNA vaccine encoding an alphavirus replicon (self-replicating mRNA) and the self/tumor antigen tyrosine-related protein-1.  

Different conventional DNA vaccines, this vaccine can break tolerance and deliver immunity to melanoma. The vaccine mediates manufacture of double-stranded RNA, as demonstrated by the autophosphorylation of dsRNA-reliant on protein kinase R (PKR).

Double-stranded RNA is critical to vaccine function because both the immunogenicity and the anti-tumour action of the vaccine are blocked in mice deficient for the RNase L enzyme, a key component of the 2′, 5′-connected oligoadenylate synthesize antiviral pathway involved in double-stranded RNA recognition.

This study shows for the first time that alphaviral replicon-encoding DNA vaccines trigger innate immune pathways known to drive antiviral immune responses, and points the way to strategies for refining the effectiveness of immunization with naked DNA.

To know more about virology and infectious disease, attend a session on Anti-viral vaccines at Virology 2019 event.

Contact details:

Clara Charlotte

Program director| virology 2019

Email: virology@microbioconferences.com

Phone: +44 20 3769 1755